**Michel Pastoureau *is a historian and emeritus director of studies at the École Pratique des Hautes Études de la Sorbonne in Paris. A renowned authority on the history of colors, symbols, and heraldry, he is the author of many books, including Blue *, Black, Green, Red, Yellow, and White (all Prin...

**Michel Pastoureau *is a historian and emeritus director of studies at the École Pratique des Hautes Études de la Sorbonne in Paris. A renowned authority on the history of colors, symbols, and heraldry, he is the author of many books, including Blue *, Black, Green, Red, Yellow, and White (all Princeton). His books have been translated into more than thirty languages.