Ernst Theodor Amadeus Hoffmann (1776-1822) was one of the major figures of the German Romantic movement. Hoffmann qualified in law and held a series of posts in the Prussian bureaucracy, until his efforts as a writer and composer drew enough praise and acclaim for him to abandon his state career. H...

Ernst Theodor Amadeus Hoffmann (1776-1822) was one of the major figures of the German Romantic movement. Hoffmann qualified in law and held a series of posts in the Prussian bureaucracy, until his efforts as a writer and composer drew enough praise and acclaim for him to abandon his state career. He died of complications from syphilis and alcohol abuse aged only 46. His works are still celebrated as foundational texts of modern sci-fi, fantasy and horror. J.T. Bealby (1858 - 1944) was an English author and translator. As well as his translations from German, he wrote with authority on farming practices. Thomas Carlyle (1795-1881) was a Scottish historian and philosopher, and one of the dominant intellectual figures of the Victorian era. He wrote prolifically across many genres, but is best remembered for his history of the French Revolution.