**Erich Auerbach *(1892--1957) was born in Berlin, educated at the Universities of Heidelberg and Greifswald, and served in the German army during World War I. A professor at the University of Marburg, Auerbach fled Hitler's Germany for Istanbul in 1933 and in 1947 moved to the United States, where ...

**Erich Auerbach *(1892--1957) was born in Berlin, educated at the Universities of Heidelberg and Greifswald, and served in the German army during World War I. A professor at the University of Marburg, Auerbach fled Hitler's Germany for Istanbul in 1933 and in 1947 moved to the United States, where he taught at Pennsylvania State and Yale.Michael Dirdais the winner of the 1993 Pulitzer Prize for criticism. He has been an editor and writer for The Washington Post Book World *for the past twenty years. He lives in Silver Spring, Maryland.Ralph Manheim (1907--1992) translated GYnter Grass, Louis-Ferdinand C?line, Hermann Hesse, and Martin Heidegger, along with many other German and French authors. The PEN/Ralph Manheim Medal for Translation is a major lifetime achievement award named in his honor.